All atrium magnetrons abide of a hot cathode with a top (continuous or pulsed) abrogating abeyant by a high-voltage, direct-current ability supply. The cathode is congenital into the centermost of an evacuated, lobed, annular chamber. A alluring acreage alongside to the fiber is imposed by a abiding magnet. The alluring acreage causes the electrons, admiring to the (relatively) absolute alien allotment of the chamber, to circling apparent in a annular aisle rather than affective anon to this anode. Spaced about the rim of the alcove are annular cavities. The cavities are accessible forth their breadth and affix the accepted atrium space. These cavities act just like actual awful able acquainted circuits. As electrons ambit accomplished these openings, they abet a resonant, high-frequency radio acreage in the cavity, which in about-face causes the electrons to agglomeration into groups. The assumption is actual agnate to alarming a beck of air beyond the accessible top of a canteen pop bottle. The cavities resonate, and afford a able radio-frequency activity output. A allocation of this acreage is extracted with a abbreviate antenna that is affiliated to a waveguide (a metal tube usually of ellipsoidal cantankerous section). The waveguide directs the extracted RF activity to the load, which may be a affable alcove in a bake oven or a high-gain antenna in the case of radar.
A cross-sectional diagram of a beating atrium magnetron. Alluring curve of force are alongside to the geometric arbor of this structure.
The sizes of the cavities actuate the beating frequency, and thereby the abundance of emitted microwaves. However, the abundance is not absolutely controllable. The operating abundance varies with changes in amount impedance, with changes in the accumulation current, and with the temperature of the tube.5 This is not a botheration in uses such as heating, or in some forms of alarm area the receiver can be synchronized with an estimated magnetron frequency. Area absolute frequencies are needed, added accessories such as the klystron are used.
The magnetron is a self-oscillating accessory acute no alien elements added than a ability supply. A categorical beginning anode voltage have to be activated afore cadence will body up; this voltage is a action of the ambit of the beating cavity, and the activated alluring field. In pulsed applications there is a adjournment of several cycles afore the oscillator achieves abounding aiguille power, and the accession of anode voltage have to be accommodating with the accession of oscillator output.5
The magnetron is a adequately able device. In a bake oven, for instance, a 1.1 kilowatt ascribe will about actualize about 700 watt of bake power, an ability of about 65%. (The high-voltage and the backdrop of the cathode actuate the ability of a magnetron.) Large S-band magnetrons can aftermath up to 2.5 megawatts aiguille ability with an boilerplate ability of 3.75 kW.5 Large magnetrons can be baptize cooled. The magnetron charcoal in boundless use in roles which crave top power, but area absolute abundance ascendancy is unimportant.
A cross-sectional diagram of a beating atrium magnetron. Alluring curve of force are alongside to the geometric arbor of this structure.
The sizes of the cavities actuate the beating frequency, and thereby the abundance of emitted microwaves. However, the abundance is not absolutely controllable. The operating abundance varies with changes in amount impedance, with changes in the accumulation current, and with the temperature of the tube.5 This is not a botheration in uses such as heating, or in some forms of alarm area the receiver can be synchronized with an estimated magnetron frequency. Area absolute frequencies are needed, added accessories such as the klystron are used.
The magnetron is a self-oscillating accessory acute no alien elements added than a ability supply. A categorical beginning anode voltage have to be activated afore cadence will body up; this voltage is a action of the ambit of the beating cavity, and the activated alluring field. In pulsed applications there is a adjournment of several cycles afore the oscillator achieves abounding aiguille power, and the accession of anode voltage have to be accommodating with the accession of oscillator output.5
The magnetron is a adequately able device. In a bake oven, for instance, a 1.1 kilowatt ascribe will about actualize about 700 watt of bake power, an ability of about 65%. (The high-voltage and the backdrop of the cathode actuate the ability of a magnetron.) Large S-band magnetrons can aftermath up to 2.5 megawatts aiguille ability with an boilerplate ability of 3.75 kW.5 Large magnetrons can be baptize cooled. The magnetron charcoal in boundless use in roles which crave top power, but area absolute abundance ascendancy is unimportant.
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